VIDEO TDR failure (0x116)

Description

GPU stopped responding, Windows reset it. Crash caused by driver or hardware failure. The screen goes black and the system restarts the driver.

Common Causes

• Outdated or corrupted graphics card driver causing communication failure with the Windows kernel — driver stops responding.
• GPU overheating caused by a clogged heatsink, old thermal paste, or insufficient airflow.
• Unstable GPU core or VRAM overclocking causing calculation errors and driver crashes.
• Physical GPU hardware defect — failing VRMs, VRAM degradation, or cracked solder joints.

Recommended Solutions

• Solution: Press Win+Ctrl+Shift+B to restart the GPU driver without rebooting — helps with one-off TDR crashes.
• Solution: Check GPU temperatures in MSI Afterburner or GPU-Z — the safe limit is generally below 90 °C.
• Solution: Reset GPU overclocking in MSI Afterburner to default values (Stock).
• Solution: Uninstall the GPU driver using DDU (Display Driver Uninstaller) in Safe Mode and install a clean version from nvidia.com or amd.com.
• Solution: Check that all PCIe power cables (6-pin/8-pin) are firmly connected to the GPU and PSU.
• Solution: If the problem persists, the graphics card may be physically defective — consider warranty claim or replacement.

Diagnostic Commands

Understanding Severity: GPU Rendering Failures

Graphics processor (GPU) faults directly impact display output rendering, system graphics acceleration, and compute APIs like DirectX. When a GPU encounters a calculation exception, memory mismatch, or thermal limit, the display driver stops responding to kernel requests. To prevent a full system freeze, Windows activates Timeout Detection and Recovery (TDR), restarting the display driver and closing active graphics applications. If the GPU fails to recover, a fatal kernel crash (BSOD) occurs. Ensuring your GPU operates stably is crucial for gaming, system navigation, and hardware accelerated workloads.

Safety & Prevention Guidelines

Before removing or installing a graphics card in the PCIe slot, ensure the computer is powered down and the PSU switch is set to the OFF position. Disconnect all PCIe external power cables. Touch the metal case chassis to discharge static electricity before touching the card. When installing, verify the GPU is seated completely into the motherboard's primary PCIe x16 slot and the locking tab has clicked in. Always use independent power cables from the PSU for high-draw GPUs rather than pigtail splitters to avoid connector melt.

Windows Version & Compatibility Notes

Modern OS architectures like Windows 10 and 11 heavily rely on graphics driver models (WDDM 3.0+). Advanced rendering features like Hardware Accelerated GPU Scheduling (HAGS), Auto HDR, and DirectX 12 Ultimate require strict coordination between Windows updates and the graphics card driver, making legacy hardware prone to rendering timeouts.

Diagnostic Tools & Log Analysis

For GPU diagnostics, use GPU-Z to check core features, PCIe lane speeds, and thermal sensors. Use MSI Afterburner to monitor real-time clocks, voltages, and memory usage. Run FurMark or Superposition to stress test GPU stability under heavy rendering loads. Use WhoCrashed to read minidump files after GPU BSODs.

When to Seek Professional Hardware Help

If graphical artifacts, black screens, or TDR driver timeouts continue to occur at stock clock speeds after a clean driver reinstall with DDU and on a quality PSU, the graphics card might suffer from VRAM chip degradation or physical silicon damage. Contact an authorized repair center for diagnostic testing.

Frequently Asked Questions

Detailed Troubleshooting Guide Available

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